Examples of these compounds include arsenilic acid, 3-nitroarsenilic acid, and 4-nitroarsenilic acid. Phenylarsonic compounds are usually incorporated in swine (and poultry) feed for disease control and to improve weight gain.
Organic phenylarsonic arsenicals are less toxic to mammals than the inorganic forms. Usually, these signs appear 24–36 h after exposure to the inorganic arsenic. They suffer severe abdominal pain, have hemorrhagic diarrhea, and are depressed. Affected animals show severe gastrointestinal irritation. Inorganic arsenic poisoning is a rapidly developing and fatal disease. Arsenic is used as a wood preservative and remains in ashes. Another common source is when cattle lick ashes of burned fence posts. Inorganic arsenicals are also used as herbicides and cattle sometimes are exposed by eating recently sprayed forage. Inorganic arsenic is often incorporated into pesticides, which are the most common sources of arsenic poisoning in cattle. Arsenic is present in the environment in two forms: inorganic and organic arsenicals. Snider, in Encyclopedia of Toxicology (Third Edition), 2014 ArsenicĪrsenic poisoning is second to lead as the most frequently reported heavy metal toxicant in food producing animals.
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